Which theory involves constructing knowledge based on individual experiences?

The theory that involves constructing knowledge based on individual experiences is known as Constructivism. This educational theory posits that learners actively create their own understanding and knowledge of the world through experiences and reflecting on those experiences. Rather than simply absorbing information as passive recipients, learners engage with material, interact with their environment, and build their own mental models based on their personal experiences and insights.

In Constructivism, the emphasis is on the learner's active role in the learning process. This means that what they already know, their context, and their previous interactions with the world play crucial roles in how they construct new knowledge. This approach encourages exploration, questioning, and collaboration, allowing students to create meaningful connections between new concepts and their existing knowledge base, thus enhancing retention and comprehension.

In contrast, Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and the responses to stimuli, emphasizing reinforcement and punishment as key drivers of learning. Cognitivism centers on the inner mental processes involved in learning, largely considering how information is processed and stored. Connectivism, on the other hand, highlights the role of networks and technology in learning, whereby knowledge is seen as distributed across a variety of digital and human connections. Each of these theories offers a different perspective on the learning process, but it is